Guided assessments combining fast pass, assessment and ad-hoc.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Nine levels, bottom to top. 7 are open; the rest are named and have a page saying why they are not.
A hundred and twenty tools, and the specification each one actually implements.
The finding. Thirty of the hundred and twenty answer with a verdict rather than a number, and a pass hides the threshold it applied — which matters because two checkers can disagree on the same pair of colours depending on which specification and which rounding they use. Thirteen do not say which specification they implement at all. Fifteen upload the thing you are testing to somebody else’s server, which decides whether they can touch unreleased work.
A palette is not five colours; it is every pair of them that ends up as text on a background. Declare the five and the table below computes all of them — the ratio, the threshold, and the clause the threshold comes from. Nothing here says “pass”: it says 4.87, and then whether that clears 1.4.3.
| Text on background | Ratio | Normal 1.4.3 · 4.5:1 | Large 1.4.3 · 3:1 | Enhanced 1.4.6 · 7:1 | Sample |
|---|
The ratio is
(L1 + 0.05) / (L2 + 0.05) on relative luminance, which is
WCAG 2.2's own arithmetic and not an interpretation of it. Two decimal places,
rounded down — a 4.499 is not a 4.5.
| Tool | Computes | Output | Access | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Guided assessments combining fast pass, assessment and ad-hoc. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-06 |
Portuguese government accessibility validator. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | number | free | maintained 2024-01 |
Online checker for WCAG and BITV. | WCAG 2.0 AA 2.0 | verdict offsite | free | maintained 2023-11 |
Favelet revealing computed name/role/state. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 · not stated | number | free | maintained 2023-12 |
Browser extension for WCAG audits with ARC engine. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-05 |
| axe DevTools Browser extension and API wrapping axe-core. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | freemium | active 2024-08 |
Lints JSX/HTML for accessibility in editor. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-05 |
Accessibility engine returning violations per WCAG rule. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-08 |
ESLint rules for JSX accessibility. | WCAG 2.1 AA + ARIA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-04 |
| HTML_CodeSniffer Injectable checker for WCAG 2.0/2.1 and Section 508. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2023-10 |
Browser extension and engine with IBM rule set. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Audits for accessibility and returns scored report via axe-core. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-07 |
| Nu Html Checker Validates HTML; parser check used as a11y pre-check. | HTML Living Standard | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
CLI and CI accessibility tester with selectable runners. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-03 |
| Siteimprove Accessibility Checker Browser extension highlighting WCAG failures inline. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 · not stated | verdict | freemium | maintained 2024-06 |
Crawler checking accessibility, links and standards. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict | paid | maintained 2024-02 |
API for accessibility testing with WCAG mapping. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 | verdict offsite | paid | dormant 2021-09 |
Visualisation overlay annotating headings, contrast, ARIA. | WCAG 2.1 general 2.1 · not stated | verdict | free | dormant 2019-11 |
In-page overlay showing errors, structure and ARIA. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 · not stated | verdict | free | maintained 2024-05 |
Linting for web best practices including a11y hints. | WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 · not stated | verdict | free | dormant 2022-10 |
Simulates images under eight CVD types via upload. | Brettel et al. CVD simulation | number offsite | free | maintained 2023-10 |
| Color Oracle Desktop full-screen CVD filter. | CVD simulation filter | number | free | maintained 2023-08 |
Browser extension simulating CVD on any webpage. | CVD simulation via CSS filter | number | free | dormant 2021-04 |
Vendor simulator linked to corrective lens product. | CVD simulation · not stated | number offsite | free | maintained 2023-06 |
macOS/iOS real-time CVD filter via camera. | CVD simulation | number | free | maintained 2023-12 |
Enterprise content governance and terminology checker. | Terminology governance | number offsite | paid | active 2024-06 |
Catches insensitive and non-inclusive language. | Language sensitivity | number | free | maintained 2024-03 |
Lints prose for jargon and clichés. | Prose linting | number | free | maintained 2023-11 |
Lints prose against style guides and checks. | Prose linting (custom rules) | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Lints English for weasel words and passive voice. | Weasel word detection | number | free | maintained 2023-09 |
Tests combinations and proposes accessible alternatives. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | number | free | maintained 2023-05 |
| Adobe Color Accessibility Palette tool checking contrast and colour-blind safety. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 · not stated | verdict offsite | freemium | maintained 2024-01 |
| APCA Contrast Calculator (Myndex) Calculates APCA lightness contrast (WCAG 3 draft). | APCA 0.1.9 | number | free | maintained 2024-02 |
Checks colour pairs and suggests fixing hues for WCAG. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 · not stated | verdict | free | dormant 2022-03 |
Minimal WCAG contrast ratio rater. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | verdict | free | dormant 2019-06 |
Minimal two-colour ratio calculator with WCAG grading. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2021-10 |
Finds nearest passing colour pair from a failing pair. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | number | free | maintained 2023-09 |
| Coolors Contrast Checker Palette-linked WCAG contrast checker. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 · not stated | verdict | freemium | maintained 2023-07 |
| EightShapes Contrast Grid Matrix view of palette contrast across token sets. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2023-08 |
Generates palettes with WCAG and APCA contrast calculations. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 APCA 0.1.9 | number | free | maintained 2023-12 |
Early WCAG contrast checker showing multiple ratios. | WCAG 2.0 contrast ratio 2.0 | verdict | free | dormant 2018-02 |
Figma/Sketch plugin and browser contrast checker. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | verdict | freemium | active 2024-08 |
Desktop eyedropper that evaluates contrast including alpha compositing. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-06 |
Checks foreground/background colours for WCAG contrast compliance. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2024-09 |
Shows WCAG grades across vision types and text sizes. | WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 | verdict | free | maintained 2023-11 |
Structured list of axe rules with WCAG mapping. | WCAG SC mapping 2.1 | number | free | maintained 2024-08 |
Field metrics dataset for UX including a11y-adjacent signals. | CrUX metrics | number offsite | free | maintained 2024-08 |
Curated pairs of colours with human contrast judgements (placeholder corpus). | Human contrast judgements | number | free | maintained 2023-06 |
Corpus of web crawl data including Lighthouse a11y. | Web crawl corpus | number | free | maintained 2024-08 |
Annual dataset of top 1M home page a11y failures. | Axe failure corpus | number | free | maintained 2024-02 |
| Carbon Design Tokens Token set and tooling from Carbon Design System. | Carbon tokens | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Cross-platform design token compiler. | Design Tokens | number | free | dormant 2020-03 |
GitHub Primer design tokens and utilities. | Primer tokens | number | free | maintained 2024-08 |
Automates token distribution from Figma to code. | Design Tokens | number offsite | paid | active 2024-07 |
| Style Dictionary Build system transforming design tokens to platforms. | Design Tokens W3C draft | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Design system platform converting Figma to code. | Design Tokens | number offsite | paid | active 2024-06 |
Design token transformer from Salesforce UX. | Design Tokens | number | free | dormant 2021-05 |
Converts Tokens Studio JSON to Style Dictionary format. | Design Tokens W3C | number | free | maintained 2023-08 |
Figma plugin managing design tokens and syncing to Git. | Design Tokens W3C draft | number | freemium | active 2024-08 |
| W3C Design Tokens Spec Specification reference for design tokens format. | Design Tokens Specification draft | number | free | maintained 2024-02 |
| Autocomplete Attribute Checker Tests browser autocomplete token support. | HTML autocomplete attribute | number | free | maintained 2023-09 |
Lints forms for label, fieldset and autocomplete issues. | WCAG 2.1 label checks 2.1 | number | free | maintained 2023-11 |
Form validation patterns for UK government services. | GOV.UK Design System | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Shows rendering of HTML5 input types across browsers. | HTML Living Standard input types | number | free | maintained 2023-08 |
Tests masked inputs for screen-reader announcement. | ARIA input mask | number | free | dormant 2022-05 |
Accessible form component reference and validator. | USWDS 3.0 3.0 | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
| W3C ARIA Validator Validates ARIA attributes in markup including forms. | WAI-ARIA 1.2 1.2 | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
| WAI-ARIA APG Form Patterns Reference patterns for accessible form widgets. | WAI-ARIA 1.2 1.2 | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
| axe Accessibility Inspector Inspects accessibility tree alongside axe results. | Accessibility tree | number | free | maintained 2024-03 |
Cloud responsive testing across real devices. | Responsive cloud | number offsite | paid | active 2024-07 |
Browser inspector measuring layout, colour and a11y tree. | CSS/AX Tree inspection | number | free | maintained 2024-08 |
Measures distances between Figma layers. | Figma measurement | number | free | maintained 2023-12 |
Generates spec measurements for Figma handoff. | Spec generation | number | free | maintained 2023-09 |
Shows accessibility tree and contrast in Firefox. | Accessibility tree | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Draws ruler to measure page elements. | Pixel measurement | number | free | dormant 2020-01 |
Overlays semi-transparent image for pixel comparison. | Pixel overlay comparison | number | free | maintained 2023-10 |
| Pesticide Outlines every element to reveal layout. | Layout outline | number | free | maintained 2023-08 |
| Pixel Perfect (Chrome) Overlay design image for pixel comparison in Chrome. | Pixel overlay | number | free | maintained 2023-10 |
| Polypane Dev browser with a11y and contrast panes. | Accessibility pane | verdict | paid | active 2024-08 |
Open-source dev browser for responsive design. | Multi-viewport | number | free | maintained 2024-05 |
Synced multi-viewport browser for responsive inspection. | Multi-viewport | number | paid | active 2024-07 |
| VisBug Inspect and edit any page's visual design. | Visual inspection | number | free | maintained 2023-06 |
| Window Resizer Resizes viewport to preset dimensions. | Viewport sizing | number | free | maintained 2023-11 |
Analyzes text for readability and suggests improvements. | Flesch-Kincaid | number | free | maintained 2023-12 |
| Gunning Fog Calculator Dedicated Gunning Fog index calculator. | Gunning Fog | number | free | maintained 2023-09 |
Editor scoring readability by grade and sentence complexity. | Automated Readability Index | number | freemium | maintained 2024-02 |
Collection of readability calculators and explanations. | Flesch Reading Ease | number | free | maintained 2023-10 |
Scores text on Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning Fog, SMOG and others. | Flesch-Kincaid Gunning Fog SMOG | number offsite | paid | active 2024-07 |
Python library computing readability metrics. | Flesch-Kincaid | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Free readability checker with Flesch-Kincaid score. | Flesch-Kincaid | number | free | maintained 2024-03 |
Commercial Windows screen reader. | IAccessible2/UIA | number | paid | maintained 2024-07 |
Built-in Windows screen reader. | UIA | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Free Windows screen reader. | IAccessible2/UIA | number | free | maintained 2024-08 |
Android screen reader. | AccessibilityNodeInfo | number | free | maintained 2024-05 |
Built-in macOS/iOS screen reader. | AX API | number | free | maintained 2024-06 |
| A11ySupport.io Tests which AT support which ARIA/HTML features. | AT support data | number | free | maintained 2023-11 |
| ARIA APG Authoring practices for ARIA patterns. | WAI-ARIA 1.2 1.2 | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Browser support tables for web features including a11y. | Browser support | number | free | maintained 2024-08 |
Living HTML specification. | HTML Living Standard | number | free | maintained 2024-08 |
Reference principles for inclusive design decisions. | Inclusive Design Principles | number | free | maintained 2023-09 |
Reference for HTML/CSS/JS and accessibility attributes. | HTML Living Standard | number | free | maintained 2024-08 |
| W3C Markup Validation Service Validates HTML/CSS against specifications. | HTML Living Standard | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
| WCAG Quick Reference (W3C) Filterable reference for WCAG success criteria. | WCAG 2.1 2.1 | number | free | maintained 2024-07 |
| Axis-Praxis Variable font specimen and axis tester. | OpenType variations | number | free | maintained 2023-06 |
| Capsize Trims whitespace from text bounding boxes via font metrics. | Font metrics trimming | number | free | maintained 2023-09 |
Generates clamp-based fluid type scales. | CSS clamp fluid type | number | free | maintained 2023-09 |
Variable font proofing and QA web app. | OpenType QA | number | freemium | maintained 2023-07 |
Font quality checker with 200+ checks. | Google Fonts spec | verdict | free | maintained 2024-07 |
Drag-and-drop OpenType table inspector. | OpenType tables | number | free | maintained 2023-11 |
Subsetting and glyph inspection via font file. | Glyph coverage | number | free | maintained 2023-05 |
Calculates typographic scales from ratio and base. | Modular scale | number | free | maintained 2023-10 |
| Samsa Variable font playground showing axis interpolation. | OpenType variations | number | free | maintained 2023-08 |
Visual type scale preview with CSS output. | Type scale preview | number | free | maintained 2022-08 |
Inspects variable font tables and features. | OpenType tables | number | free | maintained 2024-03 |
Identifies fonts from uploaded images. | Font identification · not stated | number offsite | freemium | maintained 2024-01 |
Indoor/outdoor wayfinding map SDK. | Mapbox Streets | number offsite | paid | active 2024-08 |
Accessible wayfinding codes for blind navigation. | NaviLens code | number | freemium | active 2024-07 |
Wayfinding signage inventory and compliance platform. | ADA Signage · not stated | number offsite | paid | active 2024-06 |
Tool for designing transit wayfinding maps. | Transit wayfinding · not stated | number | freemium | maintained 2023-05 |
| Wayfound Cloud wayfinding CMS for signage networks. | Wayfinding signage CMS · not stated | number offsite | paid | active 2024-03 |
Guided assessments combining fast pass, assessment and ad-hoc.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Portuguese government accessibility validator.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Online checker for WCAG and BITV.
WCAG 2.0 AA 2.0
Favelet revealing computed name/role/state.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 · not stated
Browser extension for WCAG audits with ARC engine.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Browser extension and API wrapping axe-core.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Lints JSX/HTML for accessibility in editor.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Accessibility engine returning violations per WCAG rule.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
ESLint rules for JSX accessibility.
WCAG 2.1 AA + ARIA 2.1
Injectable checker for WCAG 2.0/2.1 and Section 508.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Browser extension and engine with IBM rule set.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Audits for accessibility and returns scored report via axe-core.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Validates HTML; parser check used as a11y pre-check.
HTML Living Standard
CLI and CI accessibility tester with selectable runners.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Browser extension highlighting WCAG failures inline.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 · not stated
Crawler checking accessibility, links and standards.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
API for accessibility testing with WCAG mapping.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1
Visualisation overlay annotating headings, contrast, ARIA.
WCAG 2.1 general 2.1 · not stated
In-page overlay showing errors, structure and ARIA.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 · not stated
Linting for web best practices including a11y hints.
WCAG 2.1 AA 2.1 · not stated
Simulates images under eight CVD types via upload.
Brettel et al. CVD simulation
Desktop full-screen CVD filter.
CVD simulation filter
Browser extension simulating CVD on any webpage.
CVD simulation via CSS filter
Vendor simulator linked to corrective lens product.
CVD simulation · not stated
macOS/iOS real-time CVD filter via camera.
CVD simulation
Enterprise content governance and terminology checker.
Terminology governance
Catches insensitive and non-inclusive language.
Language sensitivity
Lints prose for jargon and clichés.
Prose linting
Lints prose against style guides and checks.
Prose linting (custom rules)
Lints English for weasel words and passive voice.
Weasel word detection
Tests combinations and proposes accessible alternatives.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Palette tool checking contrast and colour-blind safety.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 · not stated
Calculates APCA lightness contrast (WCAG 3 draft).
APCA 0.1.9
Checks colour pairs and suggests fixing hues for WCAG.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 · not stated
Minimal WCAG contrast ratio rater.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Minimal two-colour ratio calculator with WCAG grading.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Finds nearest passing colour pair from a failing pair.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Palette-linked WCAG contrast checker.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 · not stated
Matrix view of palette contrast across token sets.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Generates palettes with WCAG and APCA contrast calculations.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1 APCA 0.1.9
Early WCAG contrast checker showing multiple ratios.
WCAG 2.0 contrast ratio 2.0
Figma/Sketch plugin and browser contrast checker.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Desktop eyedropper that evaluates contrast including alpha compositing.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Checks foreground/background colours for WCAG contrast compliance.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Shows WCAG grades across vision types and text sizes.
WCAG 2.1 contrast ratio 2.1
Structured list of axe rules with WCAG mapping.
WCAG SC mapping 2.1
Field metrics dataset for UX including a11y-adjacent signals.
CrUX metrics
Curated pairs of colours with human contrast judgements (placeholder corpus).
Human contrast judgements
Corpus of web crawl data including Lighthouse a11y.
Web crawl corpus
Annual dataset of top 1M home page a11y failures.
Axe failure corpus
Token set and tooling from Carbon Design System.
Carbon tokens
Cross-platform design token compiler.
Design Tokens
GitHub Primer design tokens and utilities.
Primer tokens
Automates token distribution from Figma to code.
Design Tokens
Build system transforming design tokens to platforms.
Design Tokens W3C draft
Design system platform converting Figma to code.
Design Tokens
Design token transformer from Salesforce UX.
Design Tokens
Converts Tokens Studio JSON to Style Dictionary format.
Design Tokens W3C
Figma plugin managing design tokens and syncing to Git.
Design Tokens W3C draft
Specification reference for design tokens format.
Design Tokens Specification draft
Tests browser autocomplete token support.
HTML autocomplete attribute
Lints forms for label, fieldset and autocomplete issues.
WCAG 2.1 label checks 2.1
Form validation patterns for UK government services.
GOV.UK Design System
Shows rendering of HTML5 input types across browsers.
HTML Living Standard input types
Tests masked inputs for screen-reader announcement.
ARIA input mask
Accessible form component reference and validator.
USWDS 3.0 3.0
Validates ARIA attributes in markup including forms.
WAI-ARIA 1.2 1.2
Reference patterns for accessible form widgets.
WAI-ARIA 1.2 1.2
Inspects accessibility tree alongside axe results.
Accessibility tree
Cloud responsive testing across real devices.
Responsive cloud
Browser inspector measuring layout, colour and a11y tree.
CSS/AX Tree inspection
Measures distances between Figma layers.
Figma measurement
Generates spec measurements for Figma handoff.
Spec generation
Shows accessibility tree and contrast in Firefox.
Accessibility tree
Draws ruler to measure page elements.
Pixel measurement
Overlays semi-transparent image for pixel comparison.
Pixel overlay comparison
Outlines every element to reveal layout.
Layout outline
Overlay design image for pixel comparison in Chrome.
Pixel overlay
Dev browser with a11y and contrast panes.
Accessibility pane
Open-source dev browser for responsive design.
Multi-viewport
Synced multi-viewport browser for responsive inspection.
Multi-viewport
Inspect and edit any page's visual design.
Visual inspection
Resizes viewport to preset dimensions.
Viewport sizing
Analyzes text for readability and suggests improvements.
Flesch-Kincaid
Dedicated Gunning Fog index calculator.
Gunning Fog
Editor scoring readability by grade and sentence complexity.
Automated Readability Index
Collection of readability calculators and explanations.
Flesch Reading Ease
Scores text on Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning Fog, SMOG and others.
Flesch-Kincaid Gunning Fog SMOG
Python library computing readability metrics.
Flesch-Kincaid
Free readability checker with Flesch-Kincaid score.
Flesch-Kincaid
Commercial Windows screen reader.
IAccessible2/UIA
Built-in Windows screen reader.
UIA
Free Windows screen reader.
IAccessible2/UIA
Android screen reader.
AccessibilityNodeInfo
Built-in macOS/iOS screen reader.
AX API
Tests which AT support which ARIA/HTML features.
AT support data
Authoring practices for ARIA patterns.
WAI-ARIA 1.2 1.2
Browser support tables for web features including a11y.
Browser support
Living HTML specification.
HTML Living Standard
Reference principles for inclusive design decisions.
Inclusive Design Principles
Reference for HTML/CSS/JS and accessibility attributes.
HTML Living Standard
Validates HTML/CSS against specifications.
HTML Living Standard
Filterable reference for WCAG success criteria.
WCAG 2.1 2.1
Variable font specimen and axis tester.
OpenType variations
Trims whitespace from text bounding boxes via font metrics.
Font metrics trimming
Generates clamp-based fluid type scales.
CSS clamp fluid type
Variable font proofing and QA web app.
OpenType QA
Font quality checker with 200+ checks.
Google Fonts spec
Drag-and-drop OpenType table inspector.
OpenType tables
Subsetting and glyph inspection via font file.
Glyph coverage
Calculates typographic scales from ratio and base.
Modular scale
Variable font playground showing axis interpolation.
OpenType variations
Visual type scale preview with CSS output.
Type scale preview
Inspects variable font tables and features.
OpenType tables
Identifies fonts from uploaded images.
Font identification · not stated
Indoor/outdoor wayfinding map SDK.
Mapbox Streets
Accessible wayfinding codes for blind navigation.
NaviLens code
Wayfinding signage inventory and compliance platform.
ADA Signage · not stated
Tool for designing transit wayfinding maps.
Transit wayfinding · not stated
Cloud wayfinding CMS for signage networks.
Wayfinding signage CMS · not stated
30 of 120 return a verdict rather than a number. 13 do not state which specification they implement. 15 send the thing you are testing to another server. 11 are dormant and kept deliberately. None is an affiliate link.
Source. each tool’s own pages, repositories and changelogs · various · recorded per row · retrieved 2026-08-26. This collection is derived · one register.